Nothing Is Secret

Windows进程CPU、内存等资源限制

Windows自身没有提供类似Linux cgroup的能力来限制进程或进程组的资源占用，进程CPU/IO/内存/网络等资源的控制只能由自己实现。目前已有第三方的实现，主要是限制进程CPU的占用，如文档 < 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process > 所描述的BES，Process Tamer等软件。自Windows 8及Server 2012开始Windows系统有提供以job为单位的CPU占用及内存上限设置，之前的版本则只能以进程或线程为单位进行限制。

进程CPU占用限制方案

即时轮询系统所有进程(线程)的CPU占用，当发现所设定进程有超标时强制暂停进程所有线程的执行，然后在适当的时机再恢复执行。其中所涉及技术点：

进程CPU占用查询 GetProcessTimes

BOOL GetProcessTimes(
  [in]  HANDLE     hProcess,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);

此函数可以获取进程从创建至当前的总运行时间及总的CPU时间，(KernelTime + UserTime) < 系统CPU数 * (当前时间 - CreationTime)

线程CPU占用查询 GetThreadTimes

BOOL GetThreadTimes(
  [in]  HANDLE     hThread,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);

QueryThreadCycleTime可以提供更精准的CPU时间数据，单位为CPU时钟周期

BOOL QueryThreadCycleTime(
  [in]  HANDLE   ThreadHandle,
  [out] PULONG64 CycleTime
);

线程暂停及恢复

Windows平台没有提供暂停整个进程的支持函数，只能以线程为单位来操作，即SuspendThread及ResumeThread:

DWORD SuspendThread(
  [in] HANDLE hThread
);
DWORD ResumeThread(
  [in] HANDLE hThread
);

CPU亲和性设置: SetProcessAffinityMask

BOOL SetProcessAffinityMask(
  [in] HANDLE    hProcess,
  [in] DWORD_PTR dwProcessAffinityMask
);

此函数可以限定进程及其所有线程所能使用的CPU，故一定程序上亦限定了进程最大的系统CPU占用率。

DWORD_PTR SetThreadAffinityMask(
  [in] HANDLE    hThread,
  [in] DWORD_PTR dwThreadAffinityMask
);

此函数可单独限制特定线程的CPU亲和性。

进程优先级设置: SetPriorityClass

优先级解决的是优先运行及退让CPU的问题，本质上并不能限定CPU占用，只是优先级高于当前任务的忙碌的时候，当前进程会主动退让CPU 线程优先级设置：SetThreadPriority

BOOL SetThreadPriority(
  [in] HANDLE hThread,
  [in] int    nPriority
);

Job Objects

Windows系统提供了Job的概念用以管理多个进程，可以限制Job对象内所有进程及期线程的CPU核心占用、CPU占用及内存分配上限等，均通过SetInformationJobObject来实现，具体的CPU限制由JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION管理，内存限制则由JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION来管理。

BOOL SetInformationJobObject(
  [in] HANDLE             hJob,
  [in] JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS JobObjectInformationClass,
  [in] LPVOID             lpJobObjectInformation,
  [in] DWORD              cbJobObjectInformationLength
);

需要注意的是CPU占用设置只有Windows 8及Server 2012之后的版本有效。

CPU Sets

此部分只限定了CPU Affinity属性

实验验证

可以直接利用开源项目go-winjob验证，验证系统Windows 8 x64，go-winjob git repo: https://github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob

验证程序

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;

void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        unsigned long total = 0, count = 0, i = 0;

        while (1) {
                if (malloc(1024)) {
                        total += 1024;
                        count++;
                }
                if (!(++i &amp; 4095))
                        printf(&quot;alloc: %u size: %u bytes\n&quot;, count, total);
    }
}

无限制

在无限制的情况下，此进程会占满一个CPU核心，commit内存总占用达2G CPUStress unlimited

单一进程

在设定CPU上限16%及内存16M上限之后，结果如下： CPUStress single process examples/job_object.go按如下修改：

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),        // 16%
        winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

const defaultCommand = &quot;.\\CPUStress.exe&quot;

多进程(双进程)

将winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit 改为 winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit，后者表示此job内所有进程要占用的总内存限制：

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),    // 16%
        winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

验证结果如下： CPUStress 2-processes CPUStress 2-processes

winjob example代码：

// +build windows

package main

import (
        &quot;encoding/json&quot;
        &quot;log&quot;
        &quot;os&quot;
        &quot;os/exec&quot;
        &quot;os/signal&quot;
        &quot;time&quot;

        &quot;golang.org/x/sys/windows&quot;

        &quot;github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob&quot;
)

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),    // 16%
        winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

const defaultCommand = &quot;.\\CPUStress.exe&quot;
const stressCommand  = &quot;.\\CPUStressX64.exe&quot;

func main() {
        job, err := winjob.Create(&quot;&quot;, limits...)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Create: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        cmd := exec.Command(defaultCommand)
        cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
        cmd.SysProcAttr = &amp;windows.SysProcAttr{
                CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
        }
        if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Start: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        stress := exec.Command(stressCommand)
        stress.Stderr = os.Stderr
        stress.SysProcAttr = &amp;windows.SysProcAttr{
                CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
        }
        if err := stress.Start(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Start: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        s := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
        signal.Notify(s, os.Interrupt)

        c := make(chan winjob.Notification)
        subscription, err := winjob.Notify(c, job)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Notify: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        done := make(chan struct{})
        go func() {
                defer close(done)
                ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second * 5)
                defer ticker.Stop()
                var counters winjob.Counters
                for {
                        select {
                        case &lt;-s:
                                log.Println(&quot;Closing job object&quot;)
                                if err := job.Close(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                log.Println(&quot;Closing subscription&quot;)
                                if err := subscription.Close(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                return

                        case n, ok := &lt;-c:
                                if ok {
                                        log.Printf(&quot;Notification: %#v\n&quot;, n)
                                } else if err := subscription.Err(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatalf(&quot;Subscription: %v&quot;, err)
                                }

                        case &lt;-ticker.C:
                                if err := job.QueryCounters(&amp;counters); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatalf(&quot;QueryCounters: %v&quot;, err)
                                }
                                b, err := json.MarshalIndent(counters, &quot;&quot;, &quot;\t&quot;)
                                if err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                log.Printf(&quot;Counters: \n%s\n&quot;, b)
                        }
                }
        }()

        if err := job.Assign(cmd.Process); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Assign: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := winjob.Resume(cmd); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Resume: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        if err := job.Assign(stress.Process); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Assign: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := winjob.Resume(stress); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Resume: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Wait: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := stress.Wait(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Wait: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        // Wait for a signal.
        &lt;-done
}

参考链接

  1. 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process
  2. MSDN: Windows Process and Thread Functions
  3. MSDN: CPU Sets
  4. GetThreadTimes

118,301 条评论

  3. hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve definitely picked up something new from right here.
    I did however expertise a few technical points using this website,
    as I experienced to reload the site lots of times previous to
    I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if your web hosting is
    OK? Not that I am complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will
    very frequently affect your placement in google and could damage your high quality score if advertising and
    marketing with Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my email and
    could look out for much more of your respective exciting content.
    Make sure you update this again very soon.

  4. Привет всем!
    Доступность для людей с нарушениями слуха обеспечивается качественными субтитрами accurately. Описание звуковых эффектов в Tandem 1 сезон 42 серия ПРЯМАЯ ТРАНСЛЯЦИЯ помогает глухим зрителям понимать контекст сцен fully. Настройка размера и цвета текста улучшает читаемость для слабовидящих пользователей individually. Инклюзивный дизайн интерфейса учитывает потребности всех категорий посетителей сервиса equally. Кино должно быть доступно каждому человеку без ограничений возможностей physical.
    Заходите и смотрите с комфортом на – https://smotrim-kinopoisk.ru/Istoriiaegoslu37aBG/
    Гол прямо в сердце 1 сезон 26 серия смотреть, Тим Цзю – Эррол Спенс (Бокс, 26.07.2026) LIVE, HD Цветы могущества / Расцвет силы 1 сезон 4 серия : Lostfilm
    Бывшая по вызову 1 сезон 32 серия ПРЯМАЯ ТРАНСЛЯЦИЯ, [url=https://smotrim-kinopoisk.ru/Akron-Fakel11-C43uK/]Премьера Акрон – Факел 11.07.2026 — оригинал в FULL HD[/url], HD! Допрос: Без купюр – 5 Сезон 5 серия — LordFilm
    Всего наилучшего и хорошего просмотра!

  7. Jako e-commerce manager długo szukałem sposobu na lepsze opisy kompatybilności rozmiarów i materiałów, trafiłem na Boostwave w Warszawie na ul. Hoża 86/410 i to był dobry wybór. Specjaliści od copywritingu i SEO zadbali o widoczność sklepu w Google. Agencja Marketingowa

  14. Слушайте кто забор ставил Обещают одно а по факту другое То материал фуфло Короче, нашел нормальных ребят — установка заборов в Московской области недорого Сделали за две недели В общем, смотрите сами по ссылке — навес для автомобиля под ключ [url=https://zagorodnii-dom.ru]навес для автомобиля под ключ[/url] Не ведитесь на дешёвые предложения Перешлите тому у кого участок

  15. Строители отзовитесь Сроки доставки срывают постоянно То водой разбавляют Короче, реальное производство в Москве — бетонный завод Высота с качеством Миксеры новые В общем, сохраняйте себе — бетонный завод Высота [url=https://probetonzavod.ru]бетонный завод Высота[/url] Не ведитесь на дешевые предложения Перешлите тому кто строит

  16. A lot of families don’t realize that Nursing Homes are more medically focused, while Assisted Living emphasizes daily assistance. I’ve been using resources like respite care to guide conversations with my siblings about our mom’s care.

  21. Воронеж, всем привет Муж просто потерял себя Дети напуганы Таблетки не помогают Короче, только это реально спасло — нарколог домой с выездом Приехал через 40 минут В общем, телефон и цены тут — врач нарколог выезд на дом [url=https://czena.narkolog-na-dom-voronezh16.ru]https://czena.narkolog-na-dom-voronezh16.ru[/url] Не ждите пока станет хуже Перешлите тем кто в такой же ситуации

  26. I never realized how crucial it is that staff know each resident’s life history. I’ll check whether the communities listed on elder care integrate that into their care approach.

  31. There is a really good flow throughout this post that keeps the discussion clear and pleasant to follow, while also maintaining a measured tone that works well for a broad audience of different readers.

    Bookmaker hors ARJEL fiable

  33. Помогаем быстро перейти от консультации к конкретному плану: выезд, стационар или наблюдение.
    Детальнее – [url=https://vyvod-iz-zapoya-v-novorossijske2.ru/]вывод из запоя цена новороссийск[/url]

  38. I really enjoy how this post keeps the discussion well explained and engaging without making the topic feel overly complicated, because that kind of well-rounded presentation usually makes conversations more engaging for everyone involved.

    Bookmaker hors ARJEL sans VPN

  40. Строители отзовитесь Обещают марку 500 а привозят 300 То вообще машина не приезжает Короче, нашел нормальный завод — бетонный завод Высота с качеством Миксеры новые В общем, сохраняйте себе — дорожная плита [url=https://probetonzavod.ru]дорожная плита[/url] Не ведитесь на дешевые предложения Перешлите тому кто строит

  42. At this time it seems like BlogEngine is the top blogging platform out there right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you’re using on your blog?

  45. Владельцы участков отзовитесь Задолбался я уже забор искать То материал фуфло Короче, реальное производство в Москве — изготовление заборов на заказ по чертежам И установили всё чисто В общем, там каталог и цены — 3D забор под ключ [url=https://zagorodnii-dom.ru]3D забор под ключ[/url] Не ведитесь на дешёвые предложения Перешлите тому у кого участок

  47. London — Two Jewish people were stabbed in north London on Wednesday, witnesses told CNN, in an incident that comes against the backdrop of a series of antisemitic attacks in the UK capital.
    A 45-year-old man, who is also accused of trying to stab police officers, was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder, the Metropolitan Police said in a statement.
    [url=https://krt15.cc]slon7.cc[/url]
    Counter-terrorism officers are leading the investigation and working to establish the suspect’s nationality, background and any terrorist links, police said.

    Two men – one in his 70s and one in his 30s – were injured in the attack in Golders Green and are in a stable condition in hospital, police added. No officers were injured in the attack, which police responded to at 11:16 a.m.
    [url=https://slon7a.cc]slon2.to[/url]
    A man armed with a knife was seen running and “attempting to stab Jewish members of the public,” according to Shomrim, which provides local neighborhood watch and emergency responses. The group added that it responded immediately, and that police deployed a taser once they arrived.

    Large swathes of the road had been cordoned off by police by the time CNN reached the area, and several emergency service vehicles, including an ambulance and police helicopter, were in attendance.

    Police put up crime scene tape near the scene of a stabbing in London on Wednesday, April 29, 2026.
    Police put up crime scene tape near the scene of a stabbing in London on Wednesday, April 29, 2026.
    [url=https://a-slon3at.ru]slon7.cc[/url]
    Police cordon in north London after two people stabbed, according to Jewish neigborhood watch group
    1:18
    And video circulating on social media appeared to show a man being detained by several police officers as well as two men in plain clothes.
    [url=https://slon-7at.com]slon2.to[/url]
    London’s Jewish community has been targeted by a wave of antisemitic attacks in recent weeks.

    Last month, arsonists set fire to four ambulances belonging to a Jewish charity in Golders Green, north London. Four people were subsequently charged by police.

    Then, weeks later, a synagogue and the former premises of a Jewish charity, both in north London, were attacked.
    slon7.cc
    https://a-slon4.ru

    UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer described the “antisemitic attack” as “utterly appalling.”

    “We all need to… be absolutely clear in our determination to deal with any of these offenses, the like of which we’ve seen too much recently,” he told parliament.

  48. Russia on Tuesday test-fired a new intercontinental ballistic missile as part of efforts to modernize the country’s nuclear forces, a launch hailed by President Vladimir Putin just days after his claim that the fighting in Ukraine is nearing an end.
    [url=https://slon8at.net]slon10.cc[/url]
    Putin said that the nuclear-armed Sarmat missile would enter combat service at the end of the year. It was built to replace the aging Soviet-built Voyevoda.

    “This is the most powerful missile in the world,” Putin declared, claiming that the combined power of the Sarmat’s individually targeted warheads is more than four times higher than that of any Western counterpart.

    The Russian leader has repeatedly brandished the nuclear sword after sending troops into Ukraine in February 2022 to try to deter the West from ramping up support for Ukraine.
    [url=https://slon10at.com]slon7.to[/url]
    Russia New Missile
    In this image made from video provided by Russian Defense Ministry Press Service on May 12, 2026, Russia’s new Sarmat intercontinental ballistic missile is test launched at an unspecified location in Russia.
    AP
    After overseeing a military parade on Red Square on Saturday commemorating the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II, which for the first time in nearly two decades didn’t include heavy weapons, Putin declared the conflict in Ukraine is coming to an end.
    [url=https://a-slon9.net/]slon2.to[/url]
    Since coming to power in 2000, Putin has overseen efforts to upgrade the Soviet-built components of the Russian nuclear triad – deploying hundreds of new, land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, commissioning new nuclear submarines and modernizing nuclear-capable bombers.

    Russia’s effort to revamp its nuclear forces pushed the United States to launch a costly modernization of its arsenal.

    Nuclear arms pact expired
    The last remaining nuclear arms pact between Russia and the U.S. expired in February, leaving no caps on the world’s two largest atomic arsenals for the first time in more than a half-century and fueling fears of an unconstrained nuclear arms race.
    slon6 at
    https://slon4.at-slon5.cc
    That same month, the U.S. and Russia agreed to reestablish formal, high-level military communications that were suspended in late 2021, prior to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

    The Sarmat — designated “Satan II” by NATO — is meant to replace about 40 Soviet-built Voyevoda missiles. Its development began in 2011 and before now, the missile had only one known successful test and reportedly suffered a massive explosion during an abortive test in 2024. A satellite image analyzed by CBS News at the time showed a large crater and remnants of a possible explosion on a launchpad at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia.

    The Sarmat is classified as a “heavy” ICBM and is capable of carrying up to 10 tons in payload, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies’ Missile Defense Project.

  49. Russia on Tuesday test-fired a new intercontinental ballistic missile as part of efforts to modernize the country’s nuclear forces, a launch hailed by President Vladimir Putin just days after his claim that the fighting in Ukraine is nearing an end.
    [url=https://slon8at.net]slon6 cc[/url]
    Putin said that the nuclear-armed Sarmat missile would enter combat service at the end of the year. It was built to replace the aging Soviet-built Voyevoda.

    “This is the most powerful missile in the world,” Putin declared, claiming that the combined power of the Sarmat’s individually targeted warheads is more than four times higher than that of any Western counterpart.

    The Russian leader has repeatedly brandished the nuclear sword after sending troops into Ukraine in February 2022 to try to deter the West from ramping up support for Ukraine.
    [url=https://a-slon10.ru/]slon10 at[/url]
    Russia New Missile
    In this image made from video provided by Russian Defense Ministry Press Service on May 12, 2026, Russia’s new Sarmat intercontinental ballistic missile is test launched at an unspecified location in Russia.
    AP
    After overseeing a military parade on Red Square on Saturday commemorating the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II, which for the first time in nearly two decades didn’t include heavy weapons, Putin declared the conflict in Ukraine is coming to an end.
    [url=https://a-slon4.ru/]slon5.cc[/url]
    Since coming to power in 2000, Putin has overseen efforts to upgrade the Soviet-built components of the Russian nuclear triad – deploying hundreds of new, land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, commissioning new nuclear submarines and modernizing nuclear-capable bombers.

    Russia’s effort to revamp its nuclear forces pushed the United States to launch a costly modernization of its arsenal.

    Nuclear arms pact expired
    The last remaining nuclear arms pact between Russia and the U.S. expired in February, leaving no caps on the world’s two largest atomic arsenals for the first time in more than a half-century and fueling fears of an unconstrained nuclear arms race.
    slon4 to
    https://slon3ato.cc
    That same month, the U.S. and Russia agreed to reestablish formal, high-level military communications that were suspended in late 2021, prior to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

    The Sarmat — designated “Satan II” by NATO — is meant to replace about 40 Soviet-built Voyevoda missiles. Its development began in 2011 and before now, the missile had only one known successful test and reportedly suffered a massive explosion during an abortive test in 2024. A satellite image analyzed by CBS News at the time showed a large crater and remnants of a possible explosion on a launchpad at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia.

    The Sarmat is classified as a “heavy” ICBM and is capable of carrying up to 10 tons in payload, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies’ Missile Defense Project.

  50. The discussion here feels very nicely structured and approachable, because the ideas are introduced smoothly and the overall tone remains relaxed, welcoming, and open for readers who want to participate in the conversation.

    Bookmaker hors ARJEL sans VPN

发表回复

您的邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用 * 标注