Nothing Is Secret

Windows进程CPU、内存等资源限制

Windows自身没有提供类似Linux cgroup的能力来限制进程或进程组的资源占用，进程CPU/IO/内存/网络等资源的控制只能由自己实现。目前已有第三方的实现，主要是限制进程CPU的占用，如文档 < 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process > 所描述的BES，Process Tamer等软件。自Windows 8及Server 2012开始Windows系统有提供以job为单位的CPU占用及内存上限设置，之前的版本则只能以进程或线程为单位进行限制。

进程CPU占用限制方案

即时轮询系统所有进程(线程)的CPU占用，当发现所设定进程有超标时强制暂停进程所有线程的执行，然后在适当的时机再恢复执行。其中所涉及技术点：

进程CPU占用查询 GetProcessTimes

BOOL GetProcessTimes(
  [in]  HANDLE     hProcess,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);

此函数可以获取进程从创建至当前的总运行时间及总的CPU时间，(KernelTime + UserTime) < 系统CPU数 * (当前时间 - CreationTime)

线程CPU占用查询 GetThreadTimes

BOOL GetThreadTimes(
  [in]  HANDLE     hThread,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
  [out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);

QueryThreadCycleTime可以提供更精准的CPU时间数据，单位为CPU时钟周期

BOOL QueryThreadCycleTime(
  [in]  HANDLE   ThreadHandle,
  [out] PULONG64 CycleTime
);

线程暂停及恢复

Windows平台没有提供暂停整个进程的支持函数，只能以线程为单位来操作，即SuspendThread及ResumeThread:

DWORD SuspendThread(
  [in] HANDLE hThread
);
DWORD ResumeThread(
  [in] HANDLE hThread
);

CPU亲和性设置: SetProcessAffinityMask

BOOL SetProcessAffinityMask(
  [in] HANDLE    hProcess,
  [in] DWORD_PTR dwProcessAffinityMask
);

此函数可以限定进程及其所有线程所能使用的CPU，故一定程序上亦限定了进程最大的系统CPU占用率。

DWORD_PTR SetThreadAffinityMask(
  [in] HANDLE    hThread,
  [in] DWORD_PTR dwThreadAffinityMask
);

此函数可单独限制特定线程的CPU亲和性。

进程优先级设置: SetPriorityClass

优先级解决的是优先运行及退让CPU的问题，本质上并不能限定CPU占用，只是优先级高于当前任务的忙碌的时候，当前进程会主动退让CPU 线程优先级设置：SetThreadPriority

BOOL SetThreadPriority(
  [in] HANDLE hThread,
  [in] int    nPriority
);

Job Objects

Windows系统提供了Job的概念用以管理多个进程，可以限制Job对象内所有进程及期线程的CPU核心占用、CPU占用及内存分配上限等，均通过SetInformationJobObject来实现，具体的CPU限制由JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION管理，内存限制则由JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION来管理。

BOOL SetInformationJobObject(
  [in] HANDLE             hJob,
  [in] JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS JobObjectInformationClass,
  [in] LPVOID             lpJobObjectInformation,
  [in] DWORD              cbJobObjectInformationLength
);

需要注意的是CPU占用设置只有Windows 8及Server 2012之后的版本有效。

CPU Sets

此部分只限定了CPU Affinity属性

实验验证

可以直接利用开源项目go-winjob验证，验证系统Windows 8 x64，go-winjob git repo: https://github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob

验证程序

#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;

void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        unsigned long total = 0, count = 0, i = 0;

        while (1) {
                if (malloc(1024)) {
                        total += 1024;
                        count++;
                }
                if (!(++i &amp; 4095))
                        printf(&quot;alloc: %u size: %u bytes\n&quot;, count, total);
    }
}

无限制

在无限制的情况下，此进程会占满一个CPU核心，commit内存总占用达2G CPUStress unlimited

单一进程

在设定CPU上限16%及内存16M上限之后，结果如下： CPUStress single process examples/job_object.go按如下修改：

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),        // 16%
        winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

const defaultCommand = &quot;.\\CPUStress.exe&quot;

多进程(双进程)

将winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit 改为 winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit，后者表示此job内所有进程要占用的总内存限制：

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),    // 16%
        winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

验证结果如下： CPUStress 2-processes CPUStress 2-processes

winjob example代码：

// +build windows

package main

import (
        &quot;encoding/json&quot;
        &quot;log&quot;
        &quot;os&quot;
        &quot;os/exec&quot;
        &quot;os/signal&quot;
        &quot;time&quot;

        &quot;golang.org/x/sys/windows&quot;

        &quot;github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob&quot;
)

var limits = []winjob.Limit{
        winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
        winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
        winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
        winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
        winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600),    // 16%
        winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 &lt;&lt; 20), // 16MB
        winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}

const defaultCommand = &quot;.\\CPUStress.exe&quot;
const stressCommand  = &quot;.\\CPUStressX64.exe&quot;

func main() {
        job, err := winjob.Create(&quot;&quot;, limits...)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Create: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        cmd := exec.Command(defaultCommand)
        cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
        cmd.SysProcAttr = &amp;windows.SysProcAttr{
                CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
        }
        if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Start: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        stress := exec.Command(stressCommand)
        stress.Stderr = os.Stderr
        stress.SysProcAttr = &amp;windows.SysProcAttr{
                CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
        }
        if err := stress.Start(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Start: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        s := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
        signal.Notify(s, os.Interrupt)

        c := make(chan winjob.Notification)
        subscription, err := winjob.Notify(c, job)
        if err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Notify: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        done := make(chan struct{})
        go func() {
                defer close(done)
                ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second * 5)
                defer ticker.Stop()
                var counters winjob.Counters
                for {
                        select {
                        case &lt;-s:
                                log.Println(&quot;Closing job object&quot;)
                                if err := job.Close(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                log.Println(&quot;Closing subscription&quot;)
                                if err := subscription.Close(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                return

                        case n, ok := &lt;-c:
                                if ok {
                                        log.Printf(&quot;Notification: %#v\n&quot;, n)
                                } else if err := subscription.Err(); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatalf(&quot;Subscription: %v&quot;, err)
                                }

                        case &lt;-ticker.C:
                                if err := job.QueryCounters(&amp;counters); err != nil {
                                        log.Fatalf(&quot;QueryCounters: %v&quot;, err)
                                }
                                b, err := json.MarshalIndent(counters, &quot;&quot;, &quot;\t&quot;)
                                if err != nil {
                                        log.Fatal(err)
                                }
                                log.Printf(&quot;Counters: \n%s\n&quot;, b)
                        }
                }
        }()

        if err := job.Assign(cmd.Process); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Assign: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := winjob.Resume(cmd); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Resume: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        if err := job.Assign(stress.Process); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Assign: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := winjob.Resume(stress); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Resume: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Wait: %v&quot;, err)
        }
        if err := stress.Wait(); err != nil {
                log.Fatalf(&quot;Wait: %v&quot;, err)
        }

        // Wait for a signal.
        &lt;-done
}

参考链接

  1. 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process
  2. MSDN: Windows Process and Thread Functions
  3. MSDN: CPU Sets
  4. GetThreadTimes

85,140 条评论

  2. В этой статье мы рассмотрим современные достижения в области медицины, включая инновационные методы лечения и диагностики. Мы обсудим важность профилактики заболеваний и роль технологий в улучшении качества здравоохранения. Читатели узнают о влиянии медицины на повседневную жизнь и ее значение для современного общества.
    Ознакомиться с теоретической базой – [url=https://medicina.com.ua/articles/polezno-znat/vyvod-iz-zapoya-doma-ili-v-narkologicheskoj-klinike/]вывод из запоя в ростове-на-дону[/url]

  3. В этой статье рассматривается комплексный подход к избавлению от зависимости. Читатель узнает, как сочетание физического, психологического и духовного восстановления помогает достичь стойкого выздоровления.
    Получить больше информации – [url=https://mirsmi24.ru/269336osobennosti-reabilitacii-narkozavisimyx/]narcology clinic[/url]

  20. To participate in Polymarket, users need to connect their cryptocurrency wallets, typically using Ethereum-based wallets. Once connected, they can explore various markets, place bets, and trade shares. The platform allows for a dynamic trading experience, where users can enter and exit positions based on market movements. This feature makes Polymarket not just a betting platform but also a trading venue where users can capitalize on market fluctuations.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket app [/url]
    Decentralization: Polymarket operates on a decentralized model, meaning that it does not hold users’ funds or private keys. This enhances security and gives users full control over their assets.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket us [/url]
    Diverse Markets: Users can find markets related to various topics, including Polymarket US elections, Iran Polymarket events, and more. This diversity attracts a wide range of participants.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]prediction market [/url]
    User-Friendly Interface: The Polymarket app and website (found at polymarket.com) provide an intuitive interface for users to navigate through different markets easily.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]iran polymarket [/url]
    Real-Time Data: Users can access Polymarket news and updates, allowing them to make informed decisions based on the latest information.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket usa [/url]
    As a crypto-based platform, Polymarket crypto transactions are conducted using stablecoins, which helps mitigate volatility. Users can deposit and withdraw funds seamlessly, making it accessible for both seasoned traders and newcomers to the crypto space. The use of cryptocurrency also allows for faster transactions and lower fees compared to traditional betting platforms.

    https://polymarketr.com

    polymarket usa

  21. To participate in Polymarket, users need to connect their cryptocurrency wallets, typically using Ethereum-based wallets. Once connected, they can explore various markets, place bets, and trade shares. The platform allows for a dynamic trading experience, where users can enter and exit positions based on market movements. This feature makes Polymarket not just a betting platform but also a trading venue where users can capitalize on market fluctuations.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]prediction market [/url]
    Decentralization: Polymarket operates on a decentralized model, meaning that it does not hold users’ funds or private keys. This enhances security and gives users full control over their assets.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]iran polymarket [/url]
    Diverse Markets: Users can find markets related to various topics, including Polymarket US elections, Iran Polymarket events, and more. This diversity attracts a wide range of participants.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]prediction market [/url]
    User-Friendly Interface: The Polymarket app and website (found at polymarket.com) provide an intuitive interface for users to navigate through different markets easily.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket crypto [/url]
    Real-Time Data: Users can access Polymarket news and updates, allowing them to make informed decisions based on the latest information.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket news [/url]
    As a crypto-based platform, Polymarket crypto transactions are conducted using stablecoins, which helps mitigate volatility. Users can deposit and withdraw funds seamlessly, making it accessible for both seasoned traders and newcomers to the crypto space. The use of cryptocurrency also allows for faster transactions and lower fees compared to traditional betting platforms.

    https://polymarketr.com

    polymarket us

  23. To participate in Polymarket, users need to connect their cryptocurrency wallets, typically using Ethereum-based wallets. Once connected, they can explore various markets, place bets, and trade shares. The platform allows for a dynamic trading experience, where users can enter and exit positions based on market movements. This feature makes Polymarket not just a betting platform but also a trading venue where users can capitalize on market fluctuations.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket news [/url]
    Decentralization: Polymarket operates on a decentralized model, meaning that it does not hold users’ funds or private keys. This enhances security and gives users full control over their assets.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket [/url]
    Diverse Markets: Users can find markets related to various topics, including Polymarket US elections, Iran Polymarket events, and more. This diversity attracts a wide range of participants.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket com [/url]
    User-Friendly Interface: The Polymarket app and website (found at polymarket.com) provide an intuitive interface for users to navigate through different markets easily.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket bot [/url]
    Real-Time Data: Users can access Polymarket news and updates, allowing them to make informed decisions based on the latest information.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket crypto [/url]
    As a crypto-based platform, Polymarket crypto transactions are conducted using stablecoins, which helps mitigate volatility. Users can deposit and withdraw funds seamlessly, making it accessible for both seasoned traders and newcomers to the crypto space. The use of cryptocurrency also allows for faster transactions and lower fees compared to traditional betting platforms.

    https://polymarketr.com

    polymarket us

  24. To participate in Polymarket, users need to connect their cryptocurrency wallets, typically using Ethereum-based wallets. Once connected, they can explore various markets, place bets, and trade shares. The platform allows for a dynamic trading experience, where users can enter and exit positions based on market movements. This feature makes Polymarket not just a betting platform but also a trading venue where users can capitalize on market fluctuations.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket crypto [/url]
    Decentralization: Polymarket operates on a decentralized model, meaning that it does not hold users’ funds or private keys. This enhances security and gives users full control over their assets.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket bet [/url]
    Diverse Markets: Users can find markets related to various topics, including Polymarket US elections, Iran Polymarket events, and more. This diversity attracts a wide range of participants.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket news [/url]
    User-Friendly Interface: The Polymarket app and website (found at polymarket.com) provide an intuitive interface for users to navigate through different markets easily.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket uk [/url]
    Real-Time Data: Users can access Polymarket news and updates, allowing them to make informed decisions based on the latest information.
    [url=https://polymarketr.com]polymarket uk [/url]
    As a crypto-based platform, Polymarket crypto transactions are conducted using stablecoins, which helps mitigate volatility. Users can deposit and withdraw funds seamlessly, making it accessible for both seasoned traders and newcomers to the crypto space. The use of cryptocurrency also allows for faster transactions and lower fees compared to traditional betting platforms.

    https://polymarketr.com

    polymarket uk

  28. Этот информационный материал подробно освещает проблему наркозависимости, ее причины и последствия. Мы предлагаем информацию о методах лечения, профилактики и поддерживающих программах. Цель статьи — повысить осведомленность и продвигать идеи о необходимости борьбы с зависимостями.
    Есть чему поучиться – [url=https://kardioportal.ru/content/simptomy-i-lechenie-aritmii-serdca]вывод из запоя ростов на дону на дому[/url]

  31. Эта публикация исследует взаимосвязь зависимости и психологии. Мы обсудим, как психологические аспекты влияют на появление зависимостей и процесс выздоровления. Читатели смогут понять важность профессиональной поддержки и применения научных подходов в терапии.
    Продолжить чтение – [url=https://www.trental.ru/chto-takoe-kodirovanie-i-kak-ono-proisxodit/]Наркологическая клиника «Похмельная служба» в Домодедово.[/url]

  32. This was quite informative. More at https://www.google.com/maps/dir/kitchen+remodeling+contractor,+2806+Queens+Way+Apt+1C,+Milton,+WA+98354,+United+States/Haggen,+Lake+Tapps+Parkway+Southeast,+Auburn,+WA,+USA/@47.2303268,-122.2743166,12.73z/data=!3m1!5s0x5490ff506ff8aefd:0xadb52b567d58bba4!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x8a0bcb9748dc0e9d:0x8152eca0d77f29e3!2m2!1d-122.2987855!2d47.2453584!1m5!1m1!1s0x5490f9d913378fc3:0xe632fb25429d78c4!2m2!1d-122.2098194!2d47.2430758?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MTIwOS4wIKXMDSoKLDEwMDc5MjA3MUgBUAM%3Dhttps://www.instagram.com/homerenovationdb/ .

  36. BabesForFree.com là website trực tuyến hướng đến trải nghiệm sử dụng ổn định, thao tác đơn giản và tốc độ phản hồi nhanh trên nhiều thiết bị bbc

  38. Публикация посвящена жизненным историям людей, успешно справившихся с зависимостью. Мы покажем, что выход есть, и он начинается с первого шага — принятия проблемы и желания измениться.
    Продолжить чтение – [url=https://www.linezolid.ru/professionalnyj-vyvod-iz-zapoya-shans-na-polnoe-izbavlenie-ot-zavisimosti/]вывод из запоя на дому ростов[/url]

  39. kdwdentistry.com là nền tảng trực tuyến được phát triển theo hướng thân thiện, giúp người dùng tiếp cận các dịch vụ giải trí nhanh chóng, rõ ràng và ổn định bbc

  40. DaileyDirect.com là nền tảng trực tuyến được định hướng mang đến trải nghiệm giải trí tiện lợi, dễ truy cập và phù hợp với nhiều nhóm người dùng bbc

  41. EuroGenEve.com là nền tảng trực tuyến được phát triển nhằm mang đến trải nghiệm sử dụng nhanh chóng, ổn định và thân thiện cho người dùng bbc

  42. 8KBET là nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến cung cấp hệ sinh thái sản phẩm đa dạng với thể thao, live casino, bắn cá, nổ hũ, game bài và nhiều chương trình khuyến mãi bbc

  44. DAGA là nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật với thế mạnh về đá gà, đá gà Thomo, đá gà trực tiếp và các hình thức cá cược hiện đại bbc

  45. FABET là nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến hướng đến trải nghiệm nhanh, tiện lợi và đa dạng cho người dùng yêu thích các sản phẩm cá cược hiện đại bbc

发表回复

您的邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用 * 标注