Windows自身没有提供类似Linux cgroup的能力来限制进程或进程组的资源占用,进程CPU/IO/内存/网络等资源的控制只能由自己实现。目前已有第三方的实现,主要是限制进程CPU的占用,如文档 < 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process > 所描述的BES,Process Tamer等软件。自Windows 8及Server 2012开始Windows系统有提供以job为单位的CPU占用及内存上限设置,之前的版本则只能以进程或线程为单位进行限制。
进程CPU占用限制方案
即时轮询系统所有进程(线程)的CPU占用,当发现所设定进程有超标时强制暂停进程所有线程的执行,然后在适当的时机再恢复执行。其中所涉及技术点:
进程CPU占用查询 GetProcessTimes
BOOL GetProcessTimes(
[in] HANDLE hProcess,
[out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);
此函数可以获取进程从创建至当前的总运行时间及总的CPU时间,(KernelTime + UserTime) < 系统CPU数 * (当前时间 - CreationTime)
线程CPU占用查询 GetThreadTimes
BOOL GetThreadTimes(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);
QueryThreadCycleTime可以提供更精准的CPU时间数据,单位为CPU时钟周期
BOOL QueryThreadCycleTime(
[in] HANDLE ThreadHandle,
[out] PULONG64 CycleTime
);
线程暂停及恢复
Windows平台没有提供暂停整个进程的支持函数,只能以线程为单位来操作,即SuspendThread及ResumeThread:
DWORD SuspendThread(
[in] HANDLE hThread
);
DWORD ResumeThread(
[in] HANDLE hThread
);
CPU亲和性设置: SetProcessAffinityMask
BOOL SetProcessAffinityMask(
[in] HANDLE hProcess,
[in] DWORD_PTR dwProcessAffinityMask
);
此函数可以限定进程及其所有线程所能使用的CPU,故一定程序上亦限定了进程最大的系统CPU占用率。
DWORD_PTR SetThreadAffinityMask(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[in] DWORD_PTR dwThreadAffinityMask
);
此函数可单独限制特定线程的CPU亲和性。
进程优先级设置: SetPriorityClass
优先级解决的是优先运行及退让CPU的问题,本质上并不能限定CPU占用,只是优先级高于当前任务的忙碌的时候,当前进程会主动退让CPU 线程优先级设置:SetThreadPriority
BOOL SetThreadPriority(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[in] int nPriority
);
Job Objects
Windows系统提供了Job的概念用以管理多个进程,可以限制Job对象内所有进程及期线程的CPU核心占用、CPU占用及内存分配上限等,均通过SetInformationJobObject来实现,具体的CPU限制由JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION管理,内存限制则由JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION来管理。
BOOL SetInformationJobObject(
[in] HANDLE hJob,
[in] JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS JobObjectInformationClass,
[in] LPVOID lpJobObjectInformation,
[in] DWORD cbJobObjectInformationLength
);
需要注意的是CPU占用设置只有Windows 8及Server 2012之后的版本有效。
CPU Sets
此部分只限定了CPU Affinity属性
实验验证
可以直接利用开源项目go-winjob验证,验证系统Windows 8 x64,go-winjob git repo: https://github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob
验证程序
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
unsigned long total = 0, count = 0, i = 0;
while (1) {
if (malloc(1024)) {
total += 1024;
count++;
}
if (!(++i & 4095))
printf("alloc: %u size: %u bytes\n", count, total);
}
}
无限制
在无限制的情况下,此进程会占满一个CPU核心,commit内存总占用达2G

单一进程
在设定CPU上限16%及内存16M上限之后,结果如下:
examples/job_object.go按如下修改:
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
const defaultCommand = ".\\CPUStress.exe"
多进程(双进程)
将winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit 改为 winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit,后者表示此job内所有进程要占用的总内存限制:
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
验证结果如下:

winjob example代码:
// +build windows
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
"os/signal"
"time"
"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
"github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob"
)
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
const defaultCommand = ".\\CPUStress.exe"
const stressCommand = ".\\CPUStressX64.exe"
func main() {
job, err := winjob.Create("", limits...)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Create: %v", err)
}
cmd := exec.Command(defaultCommand)
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
cmd.SysProcAttr = &windows.SysProcAttr{
CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
}
if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Start: %v", err)
}
stress := exec.Command(stressCommand)
stress.Stderr = os.Stderr
stress.SysProcAttr = &windows.SysProcAttr{
CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
}
if err := stress.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Start: %v", err)
}
s := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(s, os.Interrupt)
c := make(chan winjob.Notification)
subscription, err := winjob.Notify(c, job)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Notify: %v", err)
}
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
defer close(done)
ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second * 5)
defer ticker.Stop()
var counters winjob.Counters
for {
select {
case <-s:
log.Println("Closing job object")
if err := job.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Println("Closing subscription")
if err := subscription.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
return
case n, ok := <-c:
if ok {
log.Printf("Notification: %#v\n", n)
} else if err := subscription.Err(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Subscription: %v", err)
}
case <-ticker.C:
if err := job.QueryCounters(&counters); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("QueryCounters: %v", err)
}
b, err := json.MarshalIndent(counters, "", "\t")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("Counters: \n%s\n", b)
}
}
}()
if err := job.Assign(cmd.Process); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Assign: %v", err)
}
if err := winjob.Resume(cmd); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Resume: %v", err)
}
if err := job.Assign(stress.Process); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Assign: %v", err)
}
if err := winjob.Resume(stress); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Resume: %v", err)
}
if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Wait: %v", err)
}
if err := stress.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Wait: %v", err)
}
// Wait for a signal.
<-done
}
I love how you broke down the importance of backlinks in this post. If anyone needs help, I’m an SEO consultant who can assist! Wales social media marketing
Fantastic checklist. For emergency cooling issues, emergency ac repair is my go-to AC repair service.
When comparing companies, weigh experience, response time, and warranty over lowest bid. I vetted choices through septic repair and got great results.
мелбет как играть в казино [url=https://melbet59738.help]https://melbet59738.help[/url]
mostbet KGS счет [url=https://www.mostbet50693.help]mostbet KGS счет[/url]
The finish quality from kitchen cupboard painting beats DIY every time—no streaks or drips.
Clear communication with families was a must. We checked family portal features on assisted living .
Am citit informații despre servicii complete de pompe funebre în București, detalii la firma funerare București .
Professional photographic work provided by Luminis emphasizes visual clarity, balanced composition, and reliable presentation. local Spring TX photographer
1вин купон [url=1win74028.help]1win74028.help[/url]
Elevators were booked in my building, so we had to use stairs. pflugerville movers brought extra crew and still finished under estimate—worth it.
For anyone moving into a North Loop condo, verify the loading dock hours with your HOA and compare rates on five star movers before booking.
This was a wonderful guide. Check out assisted living for more.
This was very beneficial. For more, visit respite care .
This was very well put together. Discover more at elderly care .
I believe having a backyard deck is vital for entertaining guests! It develops the ideal environment for barbecues and events deck builder near me
Thanks for the thoughtful post. For households beginning their look for assisted living, assisted living is a practical place to start.
The psychological connection we have with jewelry is unbelievable. Whether it’s a family treasure or a gift from a loved one, each piece tells a story sell gold
Thankful for all the time and effort that Trevor put into securing us a great deal on our home loan! https://trevoraspiranti.com/conventional-vs-fha-loans-michigan/
cupon 1win [url=www.1win82376.help]cupon 1win[/url]
Their checklist for changing utilities and Kingsport services was spot on: moving company kingsport tn .
Involving with neighborhood stakeholders regarding power effectiveness can enhance acceptance and assistance for LL97-driven upgrades. Local Law 97 fines Henson Architecture New York
Fascinated by the concept of using reclaimed materials for new flooring options as part of restorations—it’s sustainable too! commercial concrete floor restoration
Roller pop-outs in Conroe? garage door spring repair corrected track alignment and replaced worn hinges.
Corporate picnic success thanks to portable restroom rentals ’s restroom planning tips and accessory list.
Ask about disposal documentation after pumping. Our hauler from sewer cleaning provided manifests.
Drone imagery for compliance reporting—templates at Agricultural Drones .
The psychological connection we have with precious jewelry is amazing. Whether it’s a household heirloom or a gift from a liked one, each piece tells a story buy gold
Can you explain how environmental factors play a role in choosing suitable materials during various types of restorable surfaces? Commerical Flooring
This article really emphasizes the need for robust access control measures! Find additional tips at access control systems for businesses !
Mulțumesc pentru perspectiva asupra florilor și aranjamentelor funebre din București, consult pagina non stop București Ilfov .
Капельница от похмелья с контролем врача в Самаре представляет собой эффективную терапевтическую процедуру, позволяющую значительно улучшить самочувствие пациента за короткий срок. Врач, контролируя весь процесс, может точно определить, какие компоненты необходимы для каждого пациента. Состав капельницы зависит от симптомов похмелья, состояния пациента и его индивидуальных потребностей. Это позволяет обеспечить максимально безопасное и эффективное лечение, которое помогает организму быстро восстановиться.
Получить дополнительные сведения – [url=https://kapelnicza-ot-pokhmelya-samara-13.ru/]kapelnicza-ot-pokhmelya-samara-13.ru/[/url]
Выбор между домашней помощью и стационарным лечением определяется не удобством, а медицинской целесообразностью. В условиях клиники исключаются внешние триггеры, обеспечивается изоляция от источников алкоголя и создается контролируемая среда, где терапевтические решения принимаются на основе объективных показателей, а не субъективных ощущений пациента. Такой подход критически важен для предотвращения осложнений, минимизации дискомфорта абстиненции и формирования устойчивой базы для дальнейшей противорецидивной работы.
Ознакомиться с деталями – [url=https://vyvod-iz-zapoya-v-staczionare-sankt-peterburg-18.ru/]быстрый вывод из запоя в стационаре[/url]
Recomand cu încredere să verificați serviciile funerare din București menționate aici pentru transparență în costuri și opțiuni de ceremonial. preț funerare București
Nicely detailed. Discover more at Find out more .
Nicely done! Find more at roof cleaning near me .
Mapping invasive species for targeted control—steps at used farming drone .
Awesome maintenance checklist. If you need a pro, emergency ac repair is easy to schedule.
nsfw chat apps Adult tools — это категория приложений и сервисов, разработанных для расширения возможностей в сфере цифровых развлечений для взрослых, предлагая инновационные решения для создания персонализированного и захватывающего контента.
Martial arts not just boost physical fitness but also impart technique and focus in professionals. It’s fascinating to see how different styles, from karate to jiu-jitsu, offer distinct advantages Denver Taekwondo classes
Nicely done! Find more at residential driveway cleaning .
Thanks for covering the cost variables. Using assisted living assisted us comprehend prices and what solutions are included ahead of time.
Bra artikel! Tillägg: se till att få äganderätt till design, bilder och kod där det är relevant när du köper hemsida. läs mer
Thanks for the detailed guidance. More at memory care .
Thanks for covering fall prevention. We used senior care to compare safety assessments and emergency response protocols.
Am apreciat claritatea articolului despre bugete și servicii în București, acces la preț pompe sector 5 .
Hydro-jetting pressure settings matter—too high can damage older lines. Found a safe PSI range chart on septic tank cleaning .
Существует ряд ситуаций, при которых вызов специалиста на дом является обоснованным решением:
Получить дополнительные сведения – [url=https://narkolog-na-dom-nizhnij-novgorod.ru/]врач нарколог на дом в нижнем новгороде[/url]
Well done! Find more at elderly care .
Cultural and language compatibility matters. We located multilingual staff options via respite care .