Windows自身没有提供类似Linux cgroup的能力来限制进程或进程组的资源占用,进程CPU/IO/内存/网络等资源的控制只能由自己实现。目前已有第三方的实现,主要是限制进程CPU的占用,如文档 < 21 Best Ways to Limit the CPU Usage of a Process > 所描述的BES,Process Tamer等软件。自Windows 8及Server 2012开始Windows系统有提供以job为单位的CPU占用及内存上限设置,之前的版本则只能以进程或线程为单位进行限制。
进程CPU占用限制方案
即时轮询系统所有进程(线程)的CPU占用,当发现所设定进程有超标时强制暂停进程所有线程的执行,然后在适当的时机再恢复执行。其中所涉及技术点:
进程CPU占用查询 GetProcessTimes
BOOL GetProcessTimes(
[in] HANDLE hProcess,
[out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);
此函数可以获取进程从创建至当前的总运行时间及总的CPU时间,(KernelTime + UserTime) < 系统CPU数 * (当前时间 - CreationTime)
线程CPU占用查询 GetThreadTimes
BOOL GetThreadTimes(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[out] LPFILETIME lpCreationTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpExitTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpKernelTime,
[out] LPFILETIME lpUserTime
);
QueryThreadCycleTime可以提供更精准的CPU时间数据,单位为CPU时钟周期
BOOL QueryThreadCycleTime(
[in] HANDLE ThreadHandle,
[out] PULONG64 CycleTime
);
线程暂停及恢复
Windows平台没有提供暂停整个进程的支持函数,只能以线程为单位来操作,即SuspendThread及ResumeThread:
DWORD SuspendThread(
[in] HANDLE hThread
);
DWORD ResumeThread(
[in] HANDLE hThread
);
CPU亲和性设置: SetProcessAffinityMask
BOOL SetProcessAffinityMask(
[in] HANDLE hProcess,
[in] DWORD_PTR dwProcessAffinityMask
);
此函数可以限定进程及其所有线程所能使用的CPU,故一定程序上亦限定了进程最大的系统CPU占用率。
DWORD_PTR SetThreadAffinityMask(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[in] DWORD_PTR dwThreadAffinityMask
);
此函数可单独限制特定线程的CPU亲和性。
进程优先级设置: SetPriorityClass
优先级解决的是优先运行及退让CPU的问题,本质上并不能限定CPU占用,只是优先级高于当前任务的忙碌的时候,当前进程会主动退让CPU 线程优先级设置:SetThreadPriority
BOOL SetThreadPriority(
[in] HANDLE hThread,
[in] int nPriority
);
Job Objects
Windows系统提供了Job的概念用以管理多个进程,可以限制Job对象内所有进程及期线程的CPU核心占用、CPU占用及内存分配上限等,均通过SetInformationJobObject来实现,具体的CPU限制由JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION管理,内存限制则由JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION来管理。
BOOL SetInformationJobObject(
[in] HANDLE hJob,
[in] JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS JobObjectInformationClass,
[in] LPVOID lpJobObjectInformation,
[in] DWORD cbJobObjectInformationLength
);
需要注意的是CPU占用设置只有Windows 8及Server 2012之后的版本有效。
CPU Sets
此部分只限定了CPU Affinity属性
实验验证
可以直接利用开源项目go-winjob验证,验证系统Windows 8 x64,go-winjob git repo: https://github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob
验证程序
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
unsigned long total = 0, count = 0, i = 0;
while (1) {
if (malloc(1024)) {
total += 1024;
count++;
}
if (!(++i & 4095))
printf("alloc: %u size: %u bytes\n", count, total);
}
}
无限制
在无限制的情况下,此进程会占满一个CPU核心,commit内存总占用达2G

单一进程
在设定CPU上限16%及内存16M上限之后,结果如下:
examples/job_object.go按如下修改:
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
const defaultCommand = ".\\CPUStress.exe"
多进程(双进程)
将winjob.WithProcessMemoryLimit 改为 winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit,后者表示此job内所有进程要占用的总内存限制:
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
验证结果如下:

winjob example代码:
// +build windows
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
"os/signal"
"time"
"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
"github.com/kolesnikovae/go-winjob"
)
var limits = []winjob.Limit{
winjob.WithBreakawayOK(),
winjob.WithKillOnJobClose(),
winjob.WithActiveProcessLimit(3),
winjob.WithProcessTimeLimit(10 * time.Second),
winjob.WithCPUHardCapLimit(1600), // 16%
winjob.WithJobMemoryLimit(16 << 20), // 16MB
winjob.WithWriteClipboardLimit(),
}
const defaultCommand = ".\\CPUStress.exe"
const stressCommand = ".\\CPUStressX64.exe"
func main() {
job, err := winjob.Create("", limits...)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Create: %v", err)
}
cmd := exec.Command(defaultCommand)
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
cmd.SysProcAttr = &windows.SysProcAttr{
CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
}
if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Start: %v", err)
}
stress := exec.Command(stressCommand)
stress.Stderr = os.Stderr
stress.SysProcAttr = &windows.SysProcAttr{
CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_SUSPENDED,
}
if err := stress.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Start: %v", err)
}
s := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(s, os.Interrupt)
c := make(chan winjob.Notification)
subscription, err := winjob.Notify(c, job)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Notify: %v", err)
}
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
defer close(done)
ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second * 5)
defer ticker.Stop()
var counters winjob.Counters
for {
select {
case <-s:
log.Println("Closing job object")
if err := job.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Println("Closing subscription")
if err := subscription.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
return
case n, ok := <-c:
if ok {
log.Printf("Notification: %#v\n", n)
} else if err := subscription.Err(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Subscription: %v", err)
}
case <-ticker.C:
if err := job.QueryCounters(&counters); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("QueryCounters: %v", err)
}
b, err := json.MarshalIndent(counters, "", "\t")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("Counters: \n%s\n", b)
}
}
}()
if err := job.Assign(cmd.Process); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Assign: %v", err)
}
if err := winjob.Resume(cmd); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Resume: %v", err)
}
if err := job.Assign(stress.Process); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Assign: %v", err)
}
if err := winjob.Resume(stress); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Resume: %v", err)
}
if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Wait: %v", err)
}
if err := stress.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Wait: %v", err)
}
// Wait for a signal.
<-done
}
1win website [url=http://1win5743.help/]1win website[/url]
как войти в mostbet [url=https://mostbet71852.help/]https://mostbet71852.help/[/url]
mostbet быстрые ставки [url=https://www.mostbet73481.help]https://www.mostbet73481.help[/url]
Thanks for the great information. More at Transporte privado Arzúa .
В данной обзорной статье представлены интригующие факты, которые не оставят вас равнодушными. Мы критикуем и анализируем события, которые изменили наше восприятие мира. Узнайте, что стоит за новыми открытиями и как они могут изменить ваше восприятие реальности.
Проверенные методы — узнай сейчас – [url=https://www.trawka.ru/stati/13891-kak-bezopasno-vyjti-iz-zapoya-sravnenie-domashnih-i-meditsinskih-reshenij.html]вывод из запоя с выездом на дом[/url]
Thanks for the clear advice. More at casas rurales en Segovia .
Great job! Discover more at abogado civil Vigo .
For same-day moves around Prior Lake and Savage, who’s reliable? I’m browsing availability on Prior Lake full-service moving company .
We booked a crew with stair-fee transparency in Nocatee through Nocatee local moving —no surprises.
This post convinced me to get a maintenance plan. residential emergency ac repair keeps my AC running efficiently all year.
Excellent reminder that every situation carries unique nuances necessitating consideration given beforehand ensuring everyone receives adequate representation available whenever needed most importantly thus safeguarding rights preserved always!! Accident Lawyer
mostbet plinko Кыргызстан [url=http://mostbet73481.help]http://mostbet73481.help[/url]
Good reminder about smoke detector wiring. We had interlinked alarms installed by 24/7 electrical repair service Boston in Boston.
мелбет о! деньги [url=https://www.melbet74825.help]https://www.melbet74825.help[/url]
Anyone compare tip policies in the area? Some movers list guidelines on best residential movers which is handy.
hunderennen online wetten
Also visit my web site; basketball-wetten.com
When the other driver denied fault, Accident Lawyer found traffic cam footage.
This was highly informative. Check out dónde dormir en Palas de Rei for more.
Photos of seatbelt marks helped my claim. More tips at Bus Accident Attorney .
Good call on labeling breakers. We had ours mapped by an electrician from Overland Park, KS commercial electrician in Overland Park .
wollen wir wetten gewinner
Here is my homepage: Betsson Sportwetten Bonus
мостбет кг [url=mostbet73481.help]mostbet73481.help[/url]
pferderennen wett tipps
my site :: vergleich Wettanbieter bonus
Useful advice! For more, visit diseño de cocinas a medida .
I found this very helpful. For additional info, visit medición y montaje profesional .
I love how this article breaks down the steps to take after an injury and why a lawyer is needed! Bus Accident Attorney
Thanks for the detailed guidance. More at Taxi a O Pedrouzo .
1win app Uganda [url=https://www.1win5743.help]1win app Uganda[/url]
mostbet версия для ios [url=https://mostbet71852.help]https://mostbet71852.help[/url]
Thanks for the thorough article. Find more at reclamaciones laborales Vigo .
mostbet formula 1 stavka [url=https://mostbet91372.help/]https://mostbet91372.help/[/url]
Publish customer success stories detailing route, inventory, challenges, and timeline (with client permission). cheap local movers Lake Elmo
Помощь на дому рассматривают при состояниях, которые сопровождаются заметным ухудшением самочувствия после алкоголя. Обычно это запой на протяжении нескольких дней, тяжелое похмелье, выраженная слабость, бессонница, тревога, дрожь в руках, сухость во рту, отсутствие аппетита, тошнота, раздражительность и ощущение истощения. В подобных случаях врачебный осмотр нужен для того, чтобы оценить тяжесть состояния и определить, безопасен ли домашний формат в конкретной ситуации.
Подробнее можно узнать тут – [url=https://narkolog-na-dom-moskva-18.ru/]нарколог на дом вывод в москве[/url]
Great tips! For more, visit casas rurales en Segovia .
This was a great help. Check out abogado penalista Santiago for more.
Какие [url=https://domashnie-zhivotnye-1.ru]домашние животные[/url] лучше всего поддаются дрессировке?
Moving during school season in Shakopee? apartment moving company Shakopee has timing advice to avoid traffic delays.
мелбет купон бонус [url=https://www.melbet74825.help]https://www.melbet74825.help[/url]
BSA Claims takes care of every insurance claim along with honesty as well as preciseness, proving they are actually the very best independent adjusters. Browse through independent insurance adjuster .
Thanks for the good writeup. It in reality used to be a amusement account it. Look complex to far delivered agreeable from you! However, how can we keep up a correspondence?
Snow Party
Thanks for the insightful write-up. More like this at albergue en Palas .
1win нужен ли паспорт для вывода [url=www.1win56183.help]www.1win56183.help[/url]
Thanks for discussing move day checklists, I downloaded one from Hopkins local moving crews and it kept our Hopkins move organized
Эта публикация завернет вас в вихрь увлекательного контента, сбрасывая стереотипы и открывая двери к новым идеям. Каждый абзац станет для вас открытием, полным ярких примеров и впечатляющих достижений. Подготовьтесь быть вовлеченными и удивленными каждый раз, когда продолжите читать.
Тыкай сюда — узнаешь много интересного – [url=https://detki-detishki.ru/kak-dejstvovat-seme-bez-paniki-i-otchayaniya.html]сколько стоит капельница на дому цена[/url]
This is a fantastic article regarding the current home renovation trends
in the region. Selecting the right Interior design Malaysia partner is certainly a top priority for new homeowners today.
In the Selangor area, working with an Interior designer Selangor who
carries the reputation of being among the Top interior
designers KL really helps in optimizing the budget.
I’ve noticed that the Design and build interior design Malaysia model offered by Jolivin Interiors provides
a very practical solution, particularly when it comes to precision-engineered Custom kitchen cabinet Malaysia work.
For those residing in the suburbs, Interior design Puchong is
seeing massive growth, and the range of Interior design services Klang Valley is more impressive than ever.
Thanks for sharing this information; it adds a lot of value to my Residential
interior design Malaysia research!
Thiss is my first time go tto see at here and i am truly pleassant to read all at alone
place.
Here iss my web page; david hoffmeister spotify
Thanks for the insightful write-up. More like this at cocinas Granada .
From a Toronto view, safety and drills go hand in hand. I’m in Ontario and that read guides; licensed landscaping company is handy.
If anyone has experience with South St Paul moving companies that handle apartment moves efficiently, please drop recommendations; I’m checking out low cost movers South St Paul too.
Excellent point on integrating search with remarketing lists. RLSA campaigns moved the needle for us; see examples at paid advertising management .